History would indicate that the strides in increasing the efficiency of transportation have been an enabler in a trend move goods and people apart from each other.  This trend has created a massive infrastructure with respect to the number of people that it supports.  

I’ll suggest that densely populated areas where compact infrastructure is employed currently subsidize the larger infrastructure by the ways that this infrastructure is serviced.  Roads, phone utilities, electric utilities, gas utilities and even the mail do not account for how much of the infrastructure the user actually uses.  The cost of installing and maintaining infrastructure is immense, we should reward those who conserve this resource, not penalize.

I usually think of transportation in terms of the automobile and bus, but transportation of utilities is also an issue.